A Comprehensive Guide to Ethernet Jacket Types
The protective jacket around an Ethernet cable is crucial. It determines the environment the cable is suited for, its durability, and its safety features. Choosing the right jacket is essential for performance and compliance with safety regulations.
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Jackets
PVC jackets are the most common type for general indoor use in homes and offices. They are flexible, affordable, and easy to install. However, they are not resistant to UV light or extreme temperatures and can release toxic smoke when burned, restricting their use in many public spaces.
LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) Jackets
LSZH jackets are made from compounds that emit minimal smoke and no toxic halogen gases when burned. This makes them the required choice for enclosed or high-risk public spaces like airports, hospitals, and data centres where human safety is paramount.
Plenum Jackets
Plenum-rated cables are designed for use in air-circulating spaces (plenums), such as HVAC ducts and raised floors. They are made from special flame-retardant materials that prevent fire spread and emit low levels of smoke, making them mandatory for these specific installations.
Riser Jackets
Riser-rated cables are designed for vertical runs between floors in non-plenum spaces, like inside walls or in elevator shafts. They are flame-retardant to prevent fire from travelling between floors but do not meet the stricter standards of plenum-rated cables.
Outdoor / UV-Resistant Jackets
These cables feature a rugged jacket made from UV-resistant and weatherproof materials. They are designed to withstand direct sunlight, rain, and extreme temperatures, making them ideal for connecting buildings or for any external installation.
Gel-Filled / Water-Resistant Jackets
For direct burial or installations in wet conditions, gel-filled cables provide the best protection. A water-blocking gel inside the jacket prevents moisture from reaching the internal wires, ensuring long-term performance in harsh environments.
Comparison Table
| Jacket Type | Primary Use | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|---|
| PVC | Indoor | Inexpensive, flexible | Not fire or UV-resistant |
| LSZH | Indoor, fire-sensitive | Low toxicity, minimal smoke | More expensive |
| Plenum | Air ducts, plenum spaces | Highly fire-resistant | High cost |
| Riser | Vertical installations | Flame retardant, affordable | Not for plenum spaces |
| Outdoor/UV Resistant | External environments | Durable, weatherproof | Less flexible |
| Gel-Filled | Underground, wet areas | Superior moisture protection | Cumbersome to install |
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